Abstract: This study focuses on the seepage field and hydrochemical characteristics of lake water, and investigates the interaction between surface water and groundwater in artificial lakes in the arid zone of central Ningxia. The research results show that the groundwater in the study area is overlaid with lake water seepage on the basis of original recharge runoff discharge, forming a saturated seepage zone centered on the lake. The radiation range of the seepage zone is controlled by the undulating terrain of the floor, and the overall characteristic is that the radiation distance of the eastern seepage zone is short, and the radiation distance of the southwestern seepage zone is far. The interaction mode is saturated flow-recharge type. According to the characteristics of water chemistry, the SAR values of groundwater and surface water in the study area are all above 6, indicating high sodium water, which seriously endangers soil permeability and cannot be used for irrigation. The overall bicarbonate ratio is less than 30%, with sulfate ions and chloride ions dominating, indicating that the local surface and groundwater systems are mainly concentrated through evaporation.