Abstract: The hydrogeological conditions of Balasu Coal mine is complex, and the water-rich problem of the aquifer on the roof and floor of the coal seam has become an important factor restricting the safe production of the mine. Therefore, based on the transient electromagnetic method, this paper carries out the water-rich study of the aquifer in the 22nd area of Balasu Coal Mine. The results show that: five water-rich abnormal areas are delineated in the bottom boundary of Luohe Formation, with a large total area, and the sandstone in this horizon has strong water-rich; The Anding Formation delineates 3 anomalous areas with relatively small areas, which suggests that the water-rich area is caused by rock fissure water. The bottom boundary of Zhiluo Formation also delineates 3 abnormal areas with large area, and the sandstone in this horizon has strong water-rich. The abnormal area of rich water in the No.2 coal roof is the largest and widely distributed, which is speculated to be that the fracture of coal seam leads to rich water in the roof sandstone. Although the abnormal area of rich water in No.3 coal roof is small, it also has the risk of rich water. The apparent resistivity value of No.8 coal roof is high on the whole, and there is no obvious abnormal area of low resistance, so it is inferred that the sandstone of No.8 coal roof is not rich in water. There may be some hydraulic connection between the bottom boundary of Zhiluo Formation, the low resistance anomaly area of No. 2 coal roof and No. 3 coal roof in the southwest corner and the northeast corner. The water-conducting fracture zone of both No. 2 coal and No. 3 coal developed into Zhiluo Formation aquifer.