Abstract: A mine 112201 large mining height longwall working face is taken as the object, and a linear observatory(total length 1 000 m with measuring point spacing 100 m) is used to monitor the surface movement and deformation law.The results show that: A continuous subsidence area is formed above the mining area, and the maximum subsidence value reaches 3 327 mm, which is close to the critical full mining conditions; under the influence of topographic slope, the horizontal movement in the downslope direction is significant, and the maximum value reaches 399 mm.The study verifies the asymmetric characteristics of surface deformation under the conditions of tendency to insufficiently mining, and reveals that the structure of the “three zones” has a significant influence on the surface deformation of the surface.The observation programme effectively captures the dynamic evolution of mining subsidence and provides data support and theoretical reference for safe mining and surface movement prediction.