Abstract: Aiming at the deterioration of surrounding rock stability of heterogeneous coal pillar roadway under complex geological environment with repeated mining action, we adopt the technical path combining theoretical research, numerical simulation and engineering monitoring to systematically carry out the research on the surrounding rock stability control mechanism of coal pillar roadway, construct a model for optimizing the parameters of intensive drilling and roof cutting of the roadway based on the theory of the key layer, and establish a numerical model of the width of the multiple coal pillars to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution law of mining stress field.The study shows that the directional roof cutting technology effectively realizes the spatial reconstruction and energy redistribution of the surrounding rock stress field by constructing a weak surface of discontinuous structure, and reduces the mechanical disturbance intensity of the overburden movement on the coal pillar by 38.7%.The synergistic optimization effect of the pressure-relief and roof-cutting parameters and the reinforcing support system is confirmed.