寺河煤矿高应力软岩巷道底板破坏特征及控制研究

Floor failure characteristics and control research for high stress soft rock roadway of Sihe Coal Mine

  • 摘要: 【目的及方法】随着浅部煤炭已经开采完毕,现阶段逐步转向深井开采,针对深部开采条件下回采巷道底鼓控制难题,以寺河煤矿二号井153241回采巷道为研究对象,通过理论分析、数值模拟与现场试验相结合的方法,揭示了铝质泥岩底板底鼓机理并提出了合理的治理措施。【结果】基于巷道底板破坏力学模型分析表明,底板岩层在水平应力作用下因抗压强度不足发生失稳,临界应力为4 MPa时最大底鼓量达0.63 m。通过数值模拟对比分析,发现底板锚索补强支护可有效改善巷道底鼓现象,底鼓量由原支护条件下的0.64 m降低至0.325 m(降幅50.7%)。在现场应用中,采用底角锚索联合支护技术后,巷道平均底鼓量由507 mm降至298 mm(降幅58%),两帮移近量稳定在207 mm以内。【结论】研究表明,通过“强帮强顶、底角加固”的全断面支护策略,可有效抑制高应力环境下软岩底板的剪切流动变形,为深井巷道稳定性控制提供理论依据与工程参考。

     

    Abstract: With the depletion of shallow coal resources, mining operations are progressively shifting to deeper levels.To address the challenge of controlling floor heave in mining roadways under deep mining conditions, this study focuses on the 153241 mining roadway in the No.2 Mine of Sihe Mine with Jinneng Holding Group.By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field experiments, the mechanism of floor heave in aluminum mudstone was uncovered, and effective control measures were proposed.Analysis based on the mechanical model of roadway floor failure revealed that the floor strata lose stability due to insufficient compressive strength under horizontal stress, with a critical stress of 4 MPa leading to a maximum heave of 0.63 m.Comparative analysis using FLAC3D numerical simulation demonstrated that cable reinforcement support significantly improves the stress distribution of surrounding rock, reducing the heave from 0.64 m under original support conditions to 0.325 m(50.7% reduction).After implementing the combined support technology of floor-angle anchor-cables, the average floor heave of the roadway decreased from 507 mm to 298 mm(58% reduction),and the convergence of the two sides stabilized within 207 mm.The research shows that the full-section support strategy of “strengthening the sides and roof while reinforcing the floor angles” can effectively mitigate shear flow deformation of soft rock floors under high-stress environments, providing theoretical and practical references for stability control in deep roadways.

     

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