巨厚洛河组下小煤柱双向跳采覆岩离层演化规律研究

Developmental patterns of overburden delamination in small-pillar double directional skip mining under extra thick Luohe aquifer

  • 摘要: 【目的及方法】黄陇侏罗纪煤田顶板赋存有巨厚洛河组含水层,在高强度开采影响下引发离层突水灾害,威胁矿井安全生产。目前对于覆岩离层演化的研究多集中于单工作面,针对亭南煤矿二四盘区工作面实行小煤柱双向跳采的特殊工程条件,通过3DEC数值模拟研究了其覆岩运移与离层演化的基本过程及其规律。【结果】结果表明,离层主要存在于下部关键层(亚关键层Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)和主关键层下,在下部离层逐渐闭合后发育最终止于主关键层,主关键层下出现离层的最早时间是在首采面过钻孔后;在盘区开采过程中导水裂隙带呈“马鞍形”“拱形”“马鞍形”变化,首采面采空对覆岩的影响局限于顶板一个较小的范围内,而在2412面开采后下沉已传递至地表,在3个工作面采完后覆岩进入整体稳沉阶段。【结论】研究结果有助于进一步探明煤层采动影响覆岩运移与离层演化规律,可为类似条件下离层水害防治问题提供一定参考。

     

    Abstract: The roof of the Huanglong Jurassic coalfield contains a thick aquifer of the Luohe Formation, which under the influence of high-intensity mining, has caused water inrush disasters and threatened the safety production of the mine.At present, research on the evolution of overlying strata delamination is mainly focused on single working faces.In response to the special engineering conditions of small coal pillar bi-directional skip mining in the 24 Panel area of Tingnan Coal Mine, the basic process and laws of overlying strata migration and delamination evolution were studied through 3DEC numerical simulation.The results indicate that delamination mainly exists in the lower key layers(sub key layers I,II,III) and below the main key layer.After the lower delamination gradually closes, its development eventually stops at the main key layer.The earliest time when delamination appears below the main key layer is after drilling on the first mining face; During the mining process in the mining area, the water conducting fracture zone changes in a “saddle shaped”,“arch shaped”,and “saddle shaped” pattern.The impact of the first mining face on the overlying rock is limited to a small range of the roof, while the subsidence has been transmitted to the surface after mining on the 2412 face.After mining on the three working faces, the overlying rock enters the overall stable subsidence stage.The research results are helpful in further exploring the influence of coal mining on the evolution of overlying strata movement, and can provide some reference for the prevention and control of water hazards in the delamination under similar conditions.

     

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