Abstract: Coal gangue is one of the industrial waste residues with the largest emissions in China. At present,the main methods of treatment are ground stacking and ditch filling,which cause serious pollution to the ecological environment,mainly reflected in land occupation,spontaneous combustion,pollution of the atmosphere and water bodies. Moreover,coal mining has a significant impact on surface subsidence,especially in mountainous areas where significant phenomena such as collapses and landslides may occur,which is not conducive to ensuring the safety of people, s livelihoods. How to alleviate surface subsidence and achieve harmless treatment of underground solid waste on the basis of low cost and high efficiency is one of the major challenges that urgently need to be solved in current coal mining. We focuses on the current damage of coal mining to surface subsidence and ecological environment, and propose a comprehensive gangue treatment and utilization technology that mainly uses solid filling,paste filling,slurry filling,and other products as auxiliary materials to consume gangue and prevent surface subsidence disasters.