Abstract: Based on the geological conditions of the 506 working face in Xinyan Mine, we reveal the key mechanism of dense drilling to cut roof and pressure relief through numerical simulation and field test.The study shows that intensive drilling with hole spacing of 250 mm and hole diameter of 43 mm can effectively guide the roof to fracture along the predetermined cutting line, form a self-stabilizing structure, prompt the transfer of stress to the depth and release the accumulated elastic energy, and significantly reduce the stress of the surrounding rock in the roadway.Field application shows that under the optimized parameters, the amount of roof subsidence is controllable, the axial force of the anchor cable is lower than the design threshold, the deformation of the surrounding rock tends to be stable after 40 days of the roadway formation, and the overall stability of the remaining section of the roadway reaches the expected goal.