Abstract: In order to obtain the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock during the working face mining of the transportation roadway of Changcheng No.3 Mine, the reasons for the large deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway were obtained by theoretical calculation, on-site borehole peeping and numerical simulation, and the optimization measures of the roadway surrounding rock support were proposed.The results show that the existence of soft-weak interlayers and the insufficient length of bolt support are the main reasons for the serious failure of the surrounding rock of the roadway.With the increase of the number of weak interlayers, the surrounding rock of the roadway roof is separated from the bedding, and the vertical displacement and horizontal displacement are increasing and positively correlated.After replacing the length of the bolt from the original 2 400 mm to 3 800 mm, the maximum vertical displacement of the roadway roof was 28 mm; The maximum convergence of the two sides is 78 mm; The floor heaving is 132 mm, and the deformation of the surrounding rock is small, which meets the safety of production.