Abstract: In order to explore the stability of the overburden structure during the mining of close-distance coal seams, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis based on the II8224S working face of a mine in Huaibei.Through field data collection and simulation tests, the author investigates the migration patterns of the overburden during the mining process, and analyzes the evolution characteristics of the roof fracture structure and its impact on the mining of the underlying coal seams.The research indicates that mining activities in the upper coal seam can cause severe damage to the floor, create numerous destructive fractures, and may extend downwards to the lower coal seams, forming potential water and gas conduits, thereby posing a threat to the safety of mining in the lower seams.To mitigate these impacts, the paper proposes a series of innovative support techniques and measures.Utilizing dynamic information methods combined with real-time monitoring data, the support design is optimized to adapt to the complex and variable geological environment.By employing the UDEC model, the paper simulates the migration process of the overburden, providing a scientific basis for the rational arrangement of the working face and adjustment of mining parameters.The simulation results demonstrate that with appropriate support and engineering layout, the movement of the overburden can be effectively controlled, thus ensuring the stability of roadways and goaf areas.