一种强突煤层钻孔施工综合防喷系统研究与应用

Comprehensive blowout prevention system for a strong outburst coal seam drilling construction

  • 摘要: 在井下钻孔施工环节,软分层和泥岩易导致塌孔,引发瓦斯突然喷出,其突发性和强度难以预测。里必煤矿在瓦斯治理方面主要依靠定向钻孔抽采,而钻孔施工过程中出现的喷孔具有显著的突发性特征,且瓦斯涌出量大。针对喷孔的突发性、人员响应不及时以及未能及时对负压进行调整等问题,里必煤矿研究了一种强突煤层区域防突措施孔综合防喷系统。该系统具有多项创新,如:孔口两道直连抽放;防喷箱泄压缓存;双层气水分离;防喷密封装置;排碴箱强化抽放;孔口实时监控瓦斯;孔口负压动态调整;钻杆单向逆止阀防喷;孔口收集器装置;瓦斯喷孔缓冲气囊。在井下钻场进行了效果试验,试验期间,该系统在井下钻场试验中,实现了高瓦斯抽采能力,单次喷出煤量和瓦斯量控制良好,钻场及回风流中的瓦斯浓度始终低于0.15%,极大提升了安全保障,实现了瓦斯“零超限”、煤层“零突出”的目标。

     

    Abstract: During underground drilling construction, soft layering and mudstone can easily cause collapse of the borehole, leading to sudden gas outbursts, the suddenness and intensity of which are difficult to predict.Libi Coal Mine mainly relies on directional drilling and extraction for gas control, and the blowout holes that occur during drilling construction have significant sudden characteristics and a large amount of gas emission.In response to issues such as the suddenness of blowout holes, delayed personnel response, and failure to adjust negative pressure in a timely manner, Libi Coal Mine has developed a comprehensive anti-blowout system for strong outburst coal seam areas.This system has multiple innovations, such as: two directly connected pumping ports; anti-blowout box pressure relief buffer; double layer air-water separation; anti-blowout sealing device; strengthening the extraction of debris box; real time monitoring of gas at the orifice; dynamic adjustment of negative pressure at the orifice; drilling pipe one-way check valve anti-blowout; orifice collector device; gas blowout hole cushion airbag.An effect test was conducted in the underground drilling site.During the test, the system achieved high gas extraction capacity, good control of single coal and gas injection, and gas concentration in the drilling site and return airflow remained below 0.15%,greatly improving safety and achieving the goals of “zero gas exceeding” and “zero coal seam outburst”.

     

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