Abstract: Under the mining conditions of “three soft” coal seam, the strength of surrounding rock of mining roadway is generally low, which is prone to the serious deformation of roadway and failure of support structure.In view of this problem, taking the No.5 coal seam soft rock mining roadway in Dongdong Coal Mine as the engineering background, the deformation and failure mechanism of surrounding rock of mining roadway in soft rock is analyzed using theoretical analysis, laboratory test and field measurement.It is proposed that the stress state of surrounding rock of mining roadway can be effectively improved by increasing the prestress of bolt, and the strength of surrounding rock of mining roadway in soft rock can be increased.By using new type of bolt support plate, self-aligning ball cushion and friction reduction washer, the highly efficient active support is realized, and the control effect of surrounding rock of mining roadway is effectively improved.